Genetic engineering (GE)

Franz H. & Francesca S. from salzmannschule, Waltershausen, Germany

What does GE mean? A current theme which concerns everybody more then they would possibly believe is genetic engineering. However, hardly anybody knows what it actually is. In the process of genetic altering genes of an organism are directly changed in contrast to breeding, where the process of natural reproduction is used. But genetic engineering is differently used in a variety of economic and scientific sectors.

Agricultural use In the area of agriculture genetic altering is mainly used to create plants that are more resistant and efficient than others are. The greatest progress was achieved by altered crop plants. But many European countries refuse to import such modified goods, since it is not sure which side effects they might cause on human health and the environment. Despite the European objection to genetically altered plants Korea decided to purchase them for reasons of low prices and more effective production. In fact, the decision on the production or purchase of modified goods refers to the economical situation of a country itself.

Scientific use Scientists, however, use this new technology to synthesise specific parts of the DNA. These artificial parts can be utilised to reproduce organs or to create antibodies against viruses. Furthermore, they can gain more knowledge about the function of organisms with these methods. Some specialists even assume they can find a cure for cancer or aids through the progress in genetic research. On top of all that, private people are able to let statistics be compiled which include, for example, the information about the risk of cancer or other illnesses. In addition they can learn whether their illnesses can be inherited or not.

Conclusion Genetic engineering is a vital part of our modern society, which can lead to greater improvements of everyone’s daily life. On the other hand there are many unpredictable hazards concerning environmental impacts and human health. But in fact, these concerns can not be proved yet.